Estimating near-surface soil water content from passive microwave remote sensing—an application of MICRO-SWEAT
نویسندگان
چکیده
The emissivity of soil surfaces at microwave frequencies depends strongly on the near-surface water content. However this relationship varies between soils. Use is made of a model (MICRO-SWEAT) which couples water, heat and microwave radiation transfers through soils to show that the main cause of soil variation in the relationship between apparent emissivity at 1.4 GHz (eapp) and the average water content of the upper 2 cm of the profile (90„2) are differences in the dielectric properties. A simple semi-empirical model is proposed, based on the effect of soil particle size distribution on bound/free water partitioning, which provides a calibration between em and 0O_2. Although, in principle, the detailed shape of the water content distribution close to the surface will influence the eapp/90_2 relationship, such effects are only significant during short periods ( < 1 h) following the onset of rainfall which produces steep wetting fronts close to the soil surface. Estimation par télédétection du contenu en eau du sol près de sa surface à l'aide d'un détecteur passif de microondes—une application de MICRO-SWEAT Résumé L'émissivité de la surface du sol dans la gamme de fréquence des microondes dépend énormément du contenu en eau du sol près de sa surface. Cette dépendance dépend du type de sol. L'utilisation d'un modèle (MICRO-SWEAT) qui couple le contenu en eau, la conduction de la chaleur et la transmission des microondes à travers le sol montre que la variation selon les différents types de sols de la relation entre l'émissivité apparente à 1.4 GHz (<?app) et la quantité moyenne d'eau dans les deux premiers centimètres du sol (60.2), résulte essentiellement des différences de leurs propriétés diélectriques. Nous proposons un modèle semiempirique simple, fondé sur les effets de la distribution des tailles des particules du sol sur la répartition de l'eau en eau libre et en eau liée, qui conduit à une relation entre eapp et 90_2. Bien qu'en principe la répartition des formes de l'eau près de la surface du sol influence la relation entre eapp et 90_2, de tel effets ne sont significatifs que pendant de courtes périodes ( < 1 h) suivant le début de précipitations produisant un front d'humidité près de la surface du sol.
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